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Archive for August, 2003

SPY SATELLITE GROUP CAN’T GET LIFTOFF

Thursday, August 28th, 2003

The National Reconaissance Office — the gov­ern­ment agency in charge of all U.S. spy satel­lites — is a mess, Aviation Week reports.
Morale is in the toi­let, with too many peo­ple ask­ing the snoops to do too many things with too lit­tle money.
To make mat­ters worse, the agency hasn’t put any large spy satel­lites into orbit in five years, accord­ing to the mag­a­zine. (Although there have been other big launches, notes a Defense Tech pal in mil­i­tary intel­li­gence.)
The lat­est launch, sched­uled for last week after 18 months of delays, has been put off again. The ear­li­est the satel­lite — likely a 100 foot-​​plus “folded eaves­drop­ping antenna,” the mag­a­zine says — will be launched is September 6. But the Air Force notes that date could eas­ily slip.
NRO direc­tor Peter Teets fried cir­cuits ear­lier this year when he sug­gested that the U.S. should actively deny the use of space for intel­li­gence pur­poses to any other nation at any time — not just adver­saries, but even long­time allies.

U.S. TRICKED BY IRAQI DISINFO?

Thursday, August 28th, 2003

The hunt for Saddam’s WMD is going so badly that U.S. offi­cials are start­ing to won­der whether they’ve been tricked by Iraqi double-​​agents, accord­ing to the Los Angeles Times.

Former Iraqi oper­a­tives have con­firmed since the war that Hussein’s regime sent “dou­ble agents” dis­guised as defec­tors to the West to plant fab­ri­cated intel­li­gence. In other cases, Baghdad appar­ently tricked legit­i­mate defec­tors into fun­nel­ing phony tips about weapons pro­duc­tion and stor­age sites.
“They were shown bits of infor­ma­tion and led to believe there was an active weapons pro­gram, only to be turned loose to make their way to Western intel­li­gence sources,” said the senior intel­li­gence offi­cial. “Then, because they believe it, they pass poly­graph tests … and the planted infor­ma­tion becomes true to the West, even if it was all made up to deceive us…“
One U.S. intel­li­gence offi­cial said ana­lysts may have been too eager to find evi­dence to sup­port the White House’s claims. As a result, he said, defec­tors “were just telling us what we wanted to hear.“
Hussein’s motives for such a delib­er­ate dis­in­for­ma­tion scheme may have been to bluff his ene­mies abroad, from Washington to Tehran, by send­ing false sig­nals of his mil­i­tary might. Experts also say the dictator’s defi­ance of the West, and its fear of his pur­ported weapons of mass destruc­tion, boosted his pres­tige at home and was a crit­i­cal part of his power base in the Arab world…
The cur­rent focus on Iraqi defec­tors reflects a new skep­ti­cism within the Iraq Survey Group, the 1,400-member team respon­si­ble for find­ing any illicit arms. In inter­views, sev­eral cur­rent and for­mer mem­bers expressed grow­ing dis­ap­point­ment over the incon­clu­sive results of the search so far.
“We were pris­on­ers of our own beliefs,” said a senior U.S. weapons expert who recently returned from a stint with the sur­vey group. “We said Saddam Hussein was a mas­ter of denial and decep­tion. Then when we couldn’t find any­thing, we said that proved it, instead of ques­tion­ing our own assumptions.”

CLOUDY, WITH A CHANCE OF THEFT

Thursday, August 28th, 2003

Could law enforcers one day fore­cast crime like the weather? Wired mag­a­zine says yes. Of course, they say yes — in bright orange 72-​​point type — to every­thing techno, so who knows…

CLASSIFIED SPENDING DOUBLES

Wednesday, August 27th, 2003

Pentagon spend­ing on “black,” or clas­si­fied, projects has almost dou­bled since the mid-90’s, the Washington Post says. Relying on this think tank report, the paper notes that such out­lays are now at their high­est lev­els — $23.2 bil­lion — since 1988.
“But unlike the 1980s, when it was widely known that the ‘black’ bud­get was going to the devel­op­ment of stealth air­craft such as the B-​​2 bomber and F-​​117 fighter, the uses of the clas­si­fied accounts today are far murkier,” accord­ing to the Post.
“This is an admin­is­tra­tion that likes to play I’ve got a secret,” Globalsecurity.org’s John Pike tells the paper. “The growth of the clas­si­fied bud­get appears to be part of a larger pat­tern of this admin­is­tra­tion being secre­tive.“
THERE’S MORE: “A large part of the increase in the DoD black bud­get is due to the surge in intel­li­gence spend­ing,” Steven Aftergood, who heads the Federation of American Scientists’ Project on Government Secrecy, tells Defense Tech.
“There has been a sig­nif­i­cant thrust towards ‘recap­i­tal­iza­tion’ of intel­li­gence, includ­ing new ini­tia­tives in over­head recon­nais­sance (spy satel­lites), NSA mod­ern­iza­tion, etc.”

WEAPONS-​​GRADE URANIUM AT IRAN NUKE PLANT

Tuesday, August 26th, 2003

“U.N. inspec­tors have found traces of highly enriched, weapons-​​grade ura­nium at an Iranian nuclear facil­ity,” the Associated Press is report­ing. “The find height­ened con­cerns that Tehran may be run­ning a secret nuclear weapons pro­gram.“
Sure does.
THERE’S MORE: “Now it appears that Iran’s rapid progress toward a nuclear weapons capac­ity came thanks to sub­stan­tial assis­tance from Pakistan,” says Josh Marshall, cit­ing this report. “Add that to the fact that we now know that North Korea’s progress along the uranium-​​enrichment track (as opposed to plu­to­nium) was sim­i­larly the prod­uct of key assis­tance from Pakistan. If we’re look­ing for the unsta­ble Islamist-​​leaning state which has nuclear weapons and is the chief pro­lif­er­a­tor of nuclear tech­nol­ogy to other unsta­ble rogue regimes, we’ve found it: Pakistan.”

U.S. SOLDIERS USING IRAQI GUNS

Tuesday, August 26th, 2003

G.I.s in Iraq have a new weapon of choice: Iraqi AK-​​47s.

“The sol­diers (of the 4th Infantry Dvision) based around Baqouba (Iraq) are from an armor bat­tal­ion, which means they have tanks, Humvees and armored per­son­nel car­ri­ers. But they are short on rifles,” the Associated Press reports.
A four-​​man tank crew is issued two M4 assault rifles and four 9mm pis­tols, rely­ing mostly on the tank’s fire­power for pro­tec­tion.
But now they are engaged in guer­rilla war­fare, patrolling nar­row roads and goat trails where tanks are less effec­tive. Troops often find them­selves dis­mount­ing to patrol in smaller vehi­cles, mak­ing rifles essen­tial.
“We just do not have enough rifles to equip all of our sol­diers. So in cer­tain cir­cum­stances we allow sol­diers to have an AK-​​47. They have to demon­strate some pro­fi­ciency with the weapon … demon­strate an abil­ity to use it,” said Lt. Col. Mark Young, com­man­der of the 3rd Battalion, 67th Armor Regiment, 4th Infantry Division. 


It’s great that our sol­diers have been able to adapt them­selves to the situ­aiton they’ve found them­selves in. But there couldn’t be a clearer exam­ple of how poorly their Pentagon bosses pre­pared for the Iraqi after­war.
THERE’S MORE: “I don’t think it’s fair to call the use of the AK by dis­mounted mech­a­nized forces in Iraq poor plan­ning by the Pentagon. Armor crews have always been under-​​gunned in the US mil­i­tary,” writes Defense Tech pal Wyatt Earp. “The Army needs to do what the Marines do, which is give every­one an M-​​16 (rifle) as well as sup­ply more M-​​203s (grenade lanuch­ers) to the units and start hand­ing out MP-​​5s (sub­ma­chine guns) and more Combat Shotguns.“
AND MORE: “The sur­pris­ing — shock­ing? — part of this arti­cle is that highly trained tankers are being dis­mounted to patrol on foot and in humvees. What bet­ter tes­ti­mony to the US Army’s need for constabulary-​​type units, maybe mod­eled on the US Constabulary formed in 1946 to police the occu­pa­tion of Germany,” replies one mem­ber of the JO Forum.
AND MORE: “It’s not just the rifles,” Phil Carter adds. “Let’s think of all the things that a reg­u­lar civil­ian police force would have — hand-​​held radios, shot­guns, flex­cuffs, hand­cuffs, batons, shields, etc. Then let’s com­pare that to what an armor bat­tal­ion has — less than one M16 per sol­dier. These units are hav­ing to buy tons and tons of equip­ment to become more like cops.“
AND MORE: Maybe it’s just a coin­ci­dence, but the Army has just announced that it’s speed­ing up the devel­op­ment of a poten­tial replace­ment of its assault weapons.

REPORT: STRYKERS = SITTING DUCKS

Tuesday, August 26th, 2003

“The Army’s new state-​​of-​​the art infantry vehi­cle slated to make its com­bat debut in Iraq in October is vul­ner­a­ble to the kind of rocket-​​propelled grenades now being used by Saddam Hussein’s guer­ril­las, a consultant’s report charges,” accord­ing to the Washington Times.

The Army, which rebuts the report’s find­ings, plans to send 300 Stryker armored vehi­cles and 3,600 sol­diers to Iraq. This first Stryker brigade will help put down the resis­tance that has killed more 60 American troop­ers since May 1. It will also be a pre­view of a lighter, more mobile Army for the 21st cen­tury.
But a report pre­pared for Rep. James H. Saxton, New Jersey Republican, says the vehi­cle is ill-​​suited for such war­fare.
“Poorly armored and entirely vul­ner­a­ble to RPGs,” states the report, pre­pared July 18 by con­sul­tant Victor O’Reilly. 


Stryker has had a long his­tory of con­tro­versy — even before its first deploy­ment. During the Millennium Challenge 2002 war game, for exam­ple, sol­diers com­plained that the Stryker was sus­cep­ti­ble to flat tires, couldn’t hit tar­gets on the run, and would get unbear­ably hot inside — 120 degrees and higher.

RADIO TAGS DRESSED UP AS BIOSENSORS

Tuesday, August 26th, 2003

The strug­gle over Orwellian home­land secu­rity mea­sures is high­lighted in two fas­ci­nat­ing Wired News arti­cles today:

* “More and more peo­ple are becom­ing sus­pi­cious of radio-​​frequency iden­ti­fi­ca­tion tags — tiny trans­mit­ters that track the where­abouts of prod­ucts with stun­ning accu­racy. So the food indus­try is adding biosen­sors to the tags in a bid to present them as terrorism-​​fighting tools.“
* An unusu­ally diverse cola­tion of Washington power play­ers — includ­ing the NAACP, the ACLU, and the ultra-​​conservative Americans for Tax Reform — is work­ing together to stop CAPPS II, the Transportation Security Administration’s con­tro­ver­sial air­line pas­sen­ger screen­ing system.

FAA OK’S DRONES IN CIVILIAN SKIES

Monday, August 25th, 2003

Unmanned aer­ial vehi­cles (UAVs) are used around the world to fer­til­ize crops, mon­i­tor weather, and patrol bor­ders. But here in the U.S., the drones haven’t got­ten much of a work­out in civil­ian life. The prob­lem hasn’t been the tech­nol­ogy. It’s been the reg­u­la­tions.
The Federal Aviation Administration doesn’t want unmanned planes crash­ing into piloted ones. And so the agency have been extremely cau­tious about giv­ing drone oper­a­tors licenses to fly. For exam­ple, NASA recently wanted to test out a UAV for mon­i­tor­ing for­est fires. But the FAA wouldn’t allow the flight to go for­ward.
That’s why it is par­tic­u­larly sig­nif­i­cant that the FAA last week gave the U.S. Air Force per­mis­sion to rou­tinely fly Global Hawk sur­veil­lance drones in civil­ian air­space. It’s the first COA (“Certificate of Authorization”) given to an unmanned sys­tem.
“Previously the USAF was required to file a detailed flight plan with the FAA at least 30 days in advance,” New Scientist reports. “Now the major­ity of the red tape has been cut mak­ing it pos­si­ble for an unarmed Global Hawk to ‘file-​​and-​​fly’ even on the same day. The first use of the new COA will be a flight to Germany in October.“
(via Robots​.net)

POLITICS SINKS EXPLORATION OF ANCIENT WRECKS

Saturday, August 23rd, 2003

They came flush with cash, packed with cutting-​​edge equip­ment, and were led by the field’s best-​​known fig­ure — the man who dis­cov­ered the Titanic.
But a high-​​profile explo­ration of ancient ship­wrecks has ended sud­denly, with one of its cen­tral goals aban­doned.
Excitement ran high when Robert Ballard — the leg­endary under­wa­ter explorer who found the Titanic, the German bat­tle­ship Bismarck and John F. Kennedy’s PT-​​109 — announced his sum­mer mis­sion off the shores of Turkey and Egypt.
It wasn’t just that Ballard and his crew were going to explore some of the old­est ship­wrecks ever found dur­ing this $7 mil­lion mis­sion. They were going to do it with the first robot ever designed for deep-​​sea arche­ol­ogy and with watch com­man­ders direct­ing parts of the expe­di­tion from thou­sands of away.
“In 1981, I sketched out a vision of the future of under­sea explo­ration,” Ballard said before the expe­di­tion began in August. “And it’s exactly what we’re going to do in a week.“
But inter­na­tional pol­i­tics have a way of over­whelm­ing ambi­tious goals and sophis­ti­cated tech­nolo­gies. After scram­bling to straighten out visa prob­lems in Turkey, which kept his crew stuck on a dock for two days, Ballard ran into a road­block from the gov­ern­ment of Egypt.
Although the researchers say sev­eral of their most impor­tant aims were met, includ­ing suc­cess­ful tests of their mechan­i­cal arche­ol­o­gist, named Hercules, the entire Egyptian por­tion of the expe­di­tion had to be scrapped.
My story in today’s Chicago Tribune explores how this ambi­tious adven­ture to the depths went awry.