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Archive for March, 2005

INFLATABLE, UNMANNED HUNTER

Thursday, March 31st, 2005

Protector.jpgIn the not-​​too-​​distant future, the U.S. Navy could be hunt­ing subs and pro­tect­ing ships using robotic, inflat­able boats. That’s the plan, at least, from a team of American and Israeli defense con­trac­tors.
The Navy and Coast Guard already use a bunch of rigid-​​hull inflat­able boats to zip across choppy waters and brings SEALs to shore. The ser­vices have “high hopes” that unmanned inflat­a­bles could han­dle even more jobs, C4ISR Journal says. Like spot­ting mines and subs, for example.

The advan­tage of using an unmanned sur­face vehi­cle in these roles, Rear Adm. William Landay III noted, is that it will be able to oper­ate autonomously for an extended period of time per­haps 24 hours and at night, when the Navy nor­mally doesnt do tow­ing [sonar arrays] with heli­copters. We may not even find an enemy sub­ma­rine [but] it may keep him out of where you want, and in the lit­torals [coastal waters] that in many cases is just as good as find­ing him.

United Defense Industries and Haifa-​​based Rafael Armament Development Authority are try­ing to con­vince the Navy that their Protector unmanned sur­face vehi­cle is the right robo-​​boat for the job. The 30 to 35 foot-​​long Protector can skip across the seas at speeds of up to 40 knots. Day and night cam­eras, a laser range finder, and a 12.7 mm machine gun all come stan­dard. “A light pro­jec­tor, pub­lic address sys­tem and a micro­phone,” are optional, accord­ing to Defense Daily. The Israeli Navy is already try­ing one out, a Rafael spokesper­son tells DD.

KYRGYZSTAN’S KUNG-​​FU REVOLUTION

Wednesday, March 30th, 2005

“Many say peo­ple power brought down the regime in Kyrgyzstan last week. But Bayaman Erkinbayev, a law­maker, mar­tial arts champ and one of the Central Asian nation’s rich­est men, says it was his small army of Kung Fu-​​style fight­ers,” accord­ing to AFP.

“When our old men were beaten and thrown out of the regional admin­is­tra­tion build­ing, my fight­ers were on the front line. And dur­ing the siege in Bishkek, my fight­ers went in first,” Erkinbayev says…
Pupils from Erkinbayev’s Alysh mar­tial arts school in Osh were sent to pro­tect demon­stra­tors protest­ing the con­tested bal­lot in the Kara Suu bazaar.
Afterwards demon­stra­tions with the par­tic­i­pa­tion of Erkinbayev’s trainees spread to the south­ern cities of Jalal-​​Abad, Osh, and Batken. They cap­tured gov­ern­ment sites, burnt down police sta­tions and blocked key high­ways in the lead-​​up to the chaos that deposed Akayev in Bishkek.
(via Fortean Times)

GRENADE BOT BLASTS AWAY

Wednesday, March 30th, 2005

talon_grenade1.jpgThose of you who found the idea of gun-​​toting robots a lit­tle creepy should prob­a­bly click away right now. Because the Army has just fin­ished test­ing out a unmanned ground vehi­cle, or UGV, that oblit­er­ates its foes with electrically-​​fired grenades.
The robot is the same mod­i­fied Talon UGV that’s now on its way to Iraq, to watch the back of Stryker armored vehi­cles on patrol. But instead of car­ry­ing a M249 machine gun, like the Iraq-​​bound robo-​​grunt, this Talon has been armed by Metal Storm Limited — the Australian firm famous for its million-​​round-​​a-​​minute gun.
The robot, which recently wrapped up tri­als at the Army’s Picatinny Arsenal in New Jersey, only had 16 shots. But they were big ones: 40 mm grenades. And the rounds were loaded four to a bar­rel, giv­ing the UGV 10 more shots than tra­di­tional sys­tems sup­ply. It was enough to waste a vari­ety of mock oppo­nents, “includ­ing sim­u­lated per­son­nel, an infantry car­rier and a bunker,” accord­ing to Metal Storm. (You can watch video of the bot in action here.) Eventually, the firm thinks it can load the UGV up with as many as 48 grenades at a time.
While Metal Storm seemed pretty psy­ched about how the Picatinny tests went, there was a bit of bad news for the com­pany. The demon­stra­tions “did not include fir­ings from the Dragonfly DP4X unmanned aer­ial vehi­cle as pre­vi­ously planned because of oper­a­tional restric­tions on the range which pre­vented in-​​flight live fire tri­als being pos­si­ble,” Metal Storm sobbed. “Arrangements are cur­rently being made for in-​​flight test-​​firings and demon­stra­tions to be held in the next few months.“
I’m ner­vous already.

D.I.Y. DEATH RAY

Tuesday, March 29th, 2005

New, from the maker of the internationally-​​renowned “Girlfriend Quest” PC game, comes a six-​​foot tall set of mir­rors, designed to reflect the sun’s light — and roast what­ever comes in its way.
link_SDR7.gifThe Solar Death Ray cap­tures sun­light in 112 mir­rors, each 3.5 inches square, and then spits it back onto a sin­gle spot five feet, six inches away.
“I esti­mate that the Solar Death Ray can heat things up to between 500–600 degrees Celsius (930‑1100 degrees Fahrenheit) under good con­di­tions,” its maker says.
Mr. SDR swears he won’t turn his home­made weapon on liv­ing things. “Im not going to burn pup­pies or gold­fish or any­thing like that.” But choco­late bun­nies, Hootie and the Blowfish tapes, and “my pants” — all of them have already been reduced to pro­to­plas­mic goo with by the Death Ray’s awe­some might.

DARPA: TRANSLATE THIS

Tuesday, March 29th, 2005

It’s not Kirk and Spock’s uni­ver­sal trans­la­tor. Not quite. But the Pentagon is look­ing to for researchers to build a soft­ware set “with the goal of elim­i­nat­ing the need for lin­guists and ana­lysts and auto­mat­i­cally pro­vid­ing rel­e­vant, dis­tilled, action­able infor­ma­tion.“
gorn_speaks.jpgGlobal Autonomous Language Exploitation, or GALE, is a project of — who else? — Defense Department mad sci­ence divi­sion Darpa. And the idea, accord­ing to Darpa’s call for pro­pos­als, is to “develop and apply com­puter soft­ware tech­nolo­gies to absorb, ana­lyze and inter­pret huge vol­umes of speech and text in mul­ti­ple lan­guages.“
The result won’t nec­es­sar­ily be a “nat­ural lan­guage” dia­logue between man and inter­pret­ing machine. But, if GALE works as planned, it will deliver “con­sol­i­dated infor­ma­tion in easy-​​to-​​understand forms to mil­i­tary per­son­nel and mono­lin­gual English-​​speaking ana­lysts in response to direct or implicit requests.“
The American mil­i­tary is still strug­gling to fill its ranks with Arabic speak­ers, three-​​and-​​a-​​half years after 9/​11. Language train­ing for enlisted men and junior offi­cers is min­i­mal. And the tech­no­log­i­cal solu­tions to the prob­lem — like the hand-​​held Phraselator and Interact sys­tems — really only work for the most mono­syl­labic of con­ver­sa­tions.
What Darpa wants instead are a trio of soft­ware tools for sol­diers and spooks:

A tran­scrip­tion engine that pro­duces English tran­scripts [from for­eign speech] with 95% accu­racy
A trans­la­tion engine pro­duc­ing English text [from for­eign prose] with 95% accu­racy
A dis­til­la­tion engine able to fill knowl­edge bases with key facts and to deliver use­ful infor­ma­tion as pro­fi­ciently as humans can. 

And Darpa’s not talk­ing about just trans­lat­ing a cou­ple of news­pa­pers in Baghdad. GALE researchers have to be ready to have their algo­rithms inter­pret “all the fol­low­ing types:”

Broadcast news (radio, tele­vi­sion)
Talk shows (stu­dio, call-​​in)
Newswire
Newsgroups
Weblogs
Telephone con­ver­sa­tions
The source lan­guages will be English, Chinese and Arabic plus sur­prise lan­guages to be announced later.

MISGUIDED “MINUTEMEN”

Monday, March 28th, 2005

I was in Arizona last week, right on the Mexican bor­der. And let me tell you, a whole bunch of folks are about to make asses of them­selves there on Friday.
border-patrol-agent.jpg2,200 fed­eral agents are assigned to keep watch over the 260-​​mile stretch of bor­der known as the “Tucson Sector,” which cov­ers pretty much the entire state, except for Yuma. And those agents do a pretty bang-​​up job, nab­bing about a half-​​million aliens every year. (Compare that to a big city cop, many of whom only make an arrest every few weeks.)
But there’s only so much those 2,200 can do. Hundreds of thou­sands — if not mil­lions — of peo­ple ille­gally enter the coun­try through the Tucson Sector every year.
So a team of geniuses call­ing them­selves the Minuteman Project have decided that they are going to start polic­ing the bor­der on their own. Starting on April Fool’s Day, the Project will dis­perse an esti­mated 1,000 vol­un­teers to a slice of the bor­der near Tombstone.
Now, the Minutemen says they’ll only be “observ­ing” and “report­ing” the move­ments of ille­gals. This is “not a call to arms,” the group swears. But if you think, in that part of the world, that any orga­ni­za­tion call­ing itself a “grass­roots effort to bring Americans to the defense of their home­land” is going to be gun­less, you need to get off of the pey­ote. Of course the Minutemen are going to be pack­ing heat.
And so will the smug­glers. Since October, 180 Border Patrol agents have been assaulted by the “coy­otes” who haul peo­ple north. That includes 14 shoot­ings and 20 attempts to run agents over.
Remember, those are attempts on fed­eral agents’ lives. Do you think the coy­otes will have even the slight­est of doubts about pulling the trig­ger on some self-​​proclaimed defender of lib­erty? We all know the answer: hell, no.
But the Minutemen are going to be doing more than just endan­ger­ing them­selves. They’re going to be reduc­ing the effec­tive­ness of the Tucson Sector agents, too. Those agents are trained to stop any unknown vehi­cles sit­ting on the bor­der line — which, for the month of April, is going to include a whole bunch of Minutemen. So that will mean less time actu­ally going after ille­gals. The agents are also track­ers, used to pick­ing up fresh tire treads and foot­prints — and fol­low them to coyote-​​led groups. That’s going to be a whole lot harder, with so many Minutemen mess­ing up the trails.
Clearly, these agents, they need help. They’re absolutely over­whelmed by the tide of immi­grants pour­ing into this coun­try. Maybe this lit­tle bit of polit­i­cal the­ater will shame DC into hir­ing a whole lot more agents, and sig­nif­i­cantly upping the amount spent on bor­der secu­rity. If that’s the case, then the Minutemen have done some­thing right. But in the mean­time, a whole of peo­ple are going to get hurt in the process.
THERE’S MORE: “The Homeland Security Department will assign more than 500 addi­tional patrol agents to the porous Arizona bor­der,” the AP is report­ing. “About 155 agents will be imme­di­ately sent to Arizona… More than 370 addi­tional agents — all new trainees — will be per­ma­nently assigned to the Arizona bor­der through­out the year.” Good stuff.

ROBODOC GETS PENTAGON CASH

Monday, March 28th, 2005

telesurgery.jpgFor decades, telemed­i­cine guru and for­mer MASH sur­geon Dr. Richard Satava has been push­ing the Defense Department to fund sys­tems for remote and robotically-​​controlled oper­at­ing rooms. He’s not men­tioned in the AP arti­cle below. But you can see his fin­ger­prints all over this $12 mil­lion Darpa grant to “develop an unmanned ‘trauma pod’ designed to use robots to per­form full scalpel-​​and-​​stitch surg­eries on wounded sol­diers in bat­tle­field conditions.”

“The main chal­lenge is how can we get high-​​quality med­ical care onto the bat­tle­field as close to the action and as close to the sol­diers as pos­si­ble,” said John Bashkin, head of busi­ness devel­op­ment at SRI International, a non­profit lab­o­ra­tory that often han­dles Defense Department research. “Right now, the resources are pretty lim­ited to what a medic can carry with him.“
SRI researchers cau­tion that the project remains at least a decade away from appear­ing on any bat­tle­fields. Surgeons will need to manip­u­late the robot in real time, using tech­nol­ogy that pre­vents any delays between their com­mands and the robot’s actions. The “trauma pod” has to keep con­nected wire­lessly with­out giv­ing away its posi­tion to the enemy, and it has to be nim­ble and hardy enough to per­form under fire.
Still, some of the ini­tial tech­nol­ogy is already being put to use in hos­pi­tals, and the goal of the ini­tial $12 mil­lion project is rel­a­tively mod­est researchers hope to show that a sur­geon, oper­at­ing the robot remotely, can stitch together two blood ves­sels of a pig…
SRI spear­headed the Pentagon’s first such endeavor to develop a “telesurgery” sys­tem in the 1980s. The result­ing robot, dubbed the da Vinci Surgical System, proved to be too bulky and too depen­dent on too many humans to be used in bat­tle.
But the Food and Drug Administration approved the da Vinci in 2000 for civil­ian med­ical use and sur­geons now use the $1.3 mil­lion machines in about 300 hos­pi­tals world­wide to remove can­cer­ous prostates, repair faulty heart valves and other procedures.

Of course, this isn’t the only Darpa telesurgery pro­gram. Not by a long shot. A bunch of oth­ers are cov­ered here.
A few months back, I wrote about an unmanned ambu­lance exper­i­ment that’s being funded by the Army. And here is an arti­cle I wrote back in ’03 about Dr. Satava’s efforts to dig­i­tally recre­ate every ele­ment of a soldier’s body, and embed it all on a chip in the soldier’s dog tags.

NAVY’S NEW TARGET: SWEDISH SUB

Monday, March 28th, 2005

“The Navy has for­mally agreed to lease a Swedish sub­ma­rine and its crew for a year so U.S. nuclear-​​powered subs… can prac­tice hunt­ing it,” the Virginian-​​Pilot reports.

gotland.jpgThe Swedish navy will send a Gotland-​​class sub to San Diego, where it will help [U.S. Fleet Forces Command] train to com­bat the poten­tial threat of diesel-​​powered sub­marines in the hands of rogue nations.
The 200-​​foot sub­ma­rine, which dis­places 1,490 tons and car­ries a crew of about 30, will become fre­quent prey of American sub hunters nearly twice its size. Los Angeles-​​class fast attack sub­marines, for exam­ple, are 360-​​feet long, carry a crew of 140 and dis­place 7,147 tons when sub­merged.
The U.S. is inter­ested in study­ing the quiet­ness of the diesel-​​powered boats, since it no longer has any of its own, Jim Brantley, a spokesman for the Fleet Forces Command, said Wednesday.
(thanks to reader JH for the tip) 

THE TIMES TAKES ON “FUTURE COMBAT”

Sunday, March 27th, 2005

Ever since it was just a wee lit­tle $92 bil­lion pro­gram, Defense Tech has been rant­ing about the spi­ral­ing costs and doe-​​eyed expec­ta­tions behind Future Combat Systems, the Army’s gar­gan­tuan mod­ern­iza­tion plan. Now that the project — meant to almost rein­vent just about every aspect of warfight­ing, almost simul­ta­ne­ously — is mov­ing north of $145 bil­lion, the New York Times is finally start­ing to take notice.


nlos_c.jpgThe Army’s plan to trans­form itself into a futur­is­tic high-​​technology force has become so expen­sive that some of the military’s strongest sup­port­ers in Congress are ques­tion­ing the program’s costs and com­plex­ity.
Army offi­cials said Saturday that the first phase of the pro­gram, called Future Combat Systems, could run to $145 bil­lion
[click here for details]. Paul Boyce, an Army spokesman, said the “tech­no­log­i­cal bridge to the future” would equip 15 brigades of roughly 3,000 sol­diers, or about one-​​third of the force the Army plans to field…
That price tag, larger than past esti­mates pub­licly dis­closed by the Army, does not include a pro­jected $25 bil­lion for the com­mu­ni­ca­tions net­work needed to con­nect the future forces. Nor does it fully account for Army plans to pro­vide Future Combat weapons and tech­nolo­gies to forces beyond those first 15 brigades.
Now some of the military’s advo­cates in Congress are ask­ing how to pay the bill.
“We’re deal­ing today with a train wreck,” Representative Curt Weldon, Republican of Pennsylvania and vice chair­man of the House Armed Services Committee, said at a March 16 Congressional hear­ing on the cost and com­plex­ity of Future Combat Systems.
“We’re left with impos­si­ble deci­sions,” said Mr. Weldon, a strong sup­porter of Pentagon spend­ing. One of those choices, he warned, might cut back Future Combat.

Good idea, Curt. What took you so long?
THERE’S MORE: “But there’s another, more seri­ous issue, which the Times’ oth­er­wise excel­lent story doesn’t explore,” says Slate’s Fred Kaplan. “Even if all the tech­ni­cal prob­lems could be solved and the costs brought under con­trol, the Army may be tum­bling down the wrong road; Future Combat Systems may not address the true nature and needs of future com­bat.“
AND MORE: Project on Government Oversight piles on, too.

WWII PLAGUE SUB FOUND

Saturday, March 26th, 2005

St. Patrick’s Day was just sup­posed to be another day of rou­tine train­ing for under­sea researchers at the University of Hawaii. But then, they found some­thing extra­or­di­nary 870 meters down, off of Barbers Point, Oahu: a mam­moth, World War II-​​era Japanese sub, meant for bio­log­i­cal com­bat.

i401.jpgThe sub­ma­rine is from the I-​​400 Sensuikan Toku class of subs, the largest built before the nuclear-​​ballistic-​​missile sub­marines of the 1960s. They were 400 feet long and nearly 40 feet high and could carry a crew of 144. The sub­marines were designed to carry three “fold-​​up” bombers that could quickly be assem­bled…
An I-​​400 and I-​​401 were cap­tured at sea a week after the Japanese sur­ren­dered in 1945. Their mis­sion, which was never com­pleted, report­edly was to use the air­craft to drop rats and insects infected with bubonic plague, cholera, typhus and other dis­eases on U.S. cities.
When the bac­te­ri­o­log­i­cal bombs could not be pre­pared in time, the mis­sion report­edly was changed to bomb the Panama Canal. Both sub­marines were ordered to sail to Pearl Harbor and were delib­er­ately sunk later, partly because Russian sci­en­tists were demand­ing access to them. 

“It is not the first World War II-​​era ‘mon­ster’ that the HURL [Hawaii Undersea Research Lab] sci­en­tists have found,” notes the Honolulu Star-​​Bulletin. “Last year, off Pearl Harbor, they located the wreck of the gigan­tic sea­plane Marshall Mars, one of the largest air­craft built and used as a trans­port plane by the U.S. Navy. Two years ear­lier in the same area, the HURL crew also found the wreck­age of a Japanese midget sub that was sunk on Dec. 7, 1941.” (via Boing Boing)