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Archive for May, 2005

Predator’s Maverick Maker

Tuesday, May 31st, 2005

The Pentagon has been toy­ing around with limited-​​run, pro­to­type drones for decades. So how did the U.S. mil­i­tary sud­denly have a small fleet of Predator robotic planes at the ready after 9/​11? Aviation Week says the answer lies with Tom Cassidy, the mav­er­ick chief of Predator-​​maker General Atomics.
pred_ceo.jpg

“We’re going to tell General Atomics to build every Predator they can pos­si­bly build,” replied [Air Force chief of staff] Gen. John P. Jumper, refer­ring to the small San Diego com­pany that devel­oped the air­craft.
Tom Cassidy isn’t wait­ing for the paper­work to go through. Cassidy, the pres­i­dent and CEO of General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, is expand­ing the Predator pro­duc­tion line, even build­ing eight addi­tional Predator Bs — a more capa­ble ver­sion of the air­craft — with­out orders. “They’ll pro­cras­ti­nate for three years,” he says of his mil­i­tary cus­tomers. “Then when they want to buy, they think it’s like going down to the Ford deal­er­ship and pick­ing one off the lot.“
Such blunt talk has won him his share of crit­ics, but the 72-​​year-​​old retired rear admi­ral and vet­eran fighter pilot from The Bronx doesn’t seem to care. The Predator, ini­tially shunned by the mil­i­tary ser­vices, has won wide acclaim as a sim­ple, adapt­able air­craft that can pro­vide cru­cial recon­nais­sance and strike capa­bil­ity for the bar­gain price of less than $5 mil­lion a copy, sen­sors included.
The remotely piloted air­craft, which car­ries two Hellfire mis­siles and can stay aloft for more than a day at a time, stunned the world with its abil­ity to hunt down and kill Al Qaeda and Taliban oper­a­tives in Afghanistan and the Middle East…
It was Cassidy’s risky “build it and they will come” strat­egy — devel­op­ing and build­ing air­craft ahead of orders — that proved deci­sive fol­low­ing the Sept. 11, 2001, ter­ror­ist attacks. When U.S. forces were unex­pect­edly and very sud­denly ordered to rout guerilla-​​like forces from moun­tain­ous Afghanistan, Hellfire-​​equipped Predators weren’t just a con­cept on the draw­ing board. They were in production.

Support Rising for Near-​​Space Blimps

Tuesday, May 31st, 2005

Good news, blimp boys: the Air Force is slowly start­ing to line up behind a plan to put air­ships on the edge of the atmos­phere.
wired_blimp.jpgAccording to Inside Defense, a 90-​​day Air Force study has con­cluded that there would be “mil­i­tary util­ity” in putting blimps, bal­loons, and drones in near space — between 65,000 and 350,000 above sea level. Up there, they could serve as cheap sub­sti­tutes for satel­lites, relay­ing com­mu­ni­ca­tions and snoop­ing on foes. They might be able to carry equip­ment, effec­tively becom­ing giant U-​​Hauls in the sky. And this could be done, at least in the bal­loons’ case, with­out “sig­nif­i­cantly strain[ing] exist­ing infra­struc­ture or requir[ing] large amounts of equip­ment or per­son­nel to oper­ate the bal­loons,” Inside Defense says.

The Air Force has con­ducted a num­ber of near space demon­stra­tions in recent months. Three tests, car­ried out last November, December and January, placed tac­ti­cal radios on bal­loons, which then oper­ated between 65,000 and 80,000 feet above sea level…
In March, the Air Force Space Battlelab con­ducted a proof of con­cept demon­stra­tion for a radio relay sys­tem with Combat SkySat I in Arizona. That [sys­tem] can now be used in the­ater oper­a­tions [places like Iraq, in oth­er­words].
SkySat II, which the ser­vice hopes to test in FY-​​06 [fis­cal year 2006], will demon­strate a pay­load return sys­tem. Such a sys­tem would per­mit heav­ier, more expen­sive and more sen­si­tive pay­loads than were placed on the SkySat I, which uti­lized pay­loads that were destroyed after leav­ing the cov­er­age area.

These Sensors Rock!

Tuesday, May 31st, 2005

army_sensor_rock.jpgSooooo sneaky. The Pentagon is work­ing with North Dakota researchers to turn man-​​made stones into hid­den sen­sors, Technology Trends notes.
RFID sen­sors… will be installed in fake lit­tle rocks. These ‘rocks,’ which will be the size of golf balls, will be sent from an air­craft and will detect ene­mies by ‘lis­ten­ing’ to them from 20 to 30 meters. These sen­sors should be oper­a­tional within 18 months and they should be cheap enough to leave them on the bat­tle­field after they com­pleted their tasks.

Memorial Day

Monday, May 30th, 2005

On this Memorial Day, the Military​.com fam­ily is encour­ag­ing every­one to click on over to Packages from Home.
As many of you know, American troops in the field often have to dig into their own pock­ets to buy the most basic sup­plies — stuff like sun screen and Gatorade mix and good t-​​shirts. Packages from Home puts together boxes of these items, as well as snacks and books and phone cards; any­thing, really, to make sol­diers’ time over­seas go a lit­tle bit eas­ier.
It only takes a minute or two to donate a cou­ple of bucks to the group. Or, if you live in Arizona, you can drop off your goods at one of the loca­tions listed here.

THERE’S MORE
: Winds of Change has put together an exhuas­tive list of aid organizations.

Jet Defense Lifts Off

Saturday, May 28th, 2005

Finally…

In an air­plane hangar north of Fort Worth, tech­ni­cians are prepar­ing to mount a fire-​​hydrant-​​shaped device onto the belly of an American Airlines Boeing 767. It is an effort that could soon turn into a more than $10 bil­lion project to install a high-​​tech mis­sile defense sys­tem on the nation’s com­mer­cial planes.
an-aaq-24_pic2.gifThe Boeing 767 — the same type of plane that ter­ror­ists flew into the World Trade Center — is one of three planes that, by the end of this year, will be used to test the infrared laser-​​based sys­tems designed to find and dis­able shoulder-​​fired mis­siles. The mis­siles have long been pop­u­lar among ter­ror­ists and rebel groups in war zones around the world; the con­cern now is that they could become a domes­tic threat.
The tests are being financed by the Department of Homeland Security, which has been directed by Congress to move rapidly to take tech­nol­ogy designed for mil­i­tary air­craft and adapt it so it can pro­tect the nation’s 6,800 com­mer­cial jets. It has so far invested $120 mil­lion in the test­ing effort, which is expected to last through next year. 

Unmanned Culture Clash

Friday, May 27th, 2005

In March, Wired mag­a­zine sent me to a remote desert out­post in Arizona, where the Army is train­ing newly-​​minted GIs to fly the robotic planes which have become so crit­i­cal to the bat­tle for Iraq. The place is cen­tral flash­point in a mil­i­tary cul­ture clash between teenaged videogamers and vet­eran fighter jocks for con­trol of the drones. Here’s a snip­pet of what I found:
drones_wired.jpgPrivate Joel Clark doesn’t have any macho dog­fight sto­ries. He doesn’t have a cool call sign or the swag­ger of a guy who has pulled 9 gs. In fact, Clark has never held a throt­tle. He did, how­ever, flunk high school English. And that’s how the milky-​​pale 19-​​year-​​old became one of America’s newest pilots.
Clark had planned to join the Army as a Blackhawk heli­copter mechanic. But that F kept him from grad­u­at­ing on time, forc­ing him to reap­ply. The sec­ond time around, his recruiter sug­gested he try instead to be a “96 Uniform” — Army-​​speak for a unmanned aer­ial vehi­cle, or UAV, oper­a­tor. Clark had never con­sid­ered becom­ing a pilot. But the idea of run­ning a robot spy plane sounded pretty rad. Now he’s one of 225 sol­diers, reservists, and National Guardsmen train­ing on a lonely airstrip at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, a 125-​​year-​​old out­post 10 miles from the Mexican bor­der.
In a sense, Clark has been prep­ping for the job since he was a kid: He plays videogames. A lot of videogames. Back in the bar­racks he spends down­time with an Xbox and a PlayStation. When he first slid behind the con­trols of a Shadow UAV, the point and click oper­a­tion turned out to work much the same way. “You watch the screen. You tell it to roll left, it rolls left. It’s pretty sim­ple,” Clark says. But this is real life. “So you have to take it more seri­ously. If you crash one of these, you have to bleed and piss” — in other words, take a drug test.
Clark has no inten­tion of nose-​​diving, how­ever. He’s gamed away the past 11 months in Arizona, and today, finally, is his last “check ride.” After this take­off, he’ll be cer­ti­fied to fly the Shadow 200. He’ll spend a few months at Fort Hood, Texas, train­ing with the 4th Infantry Division. Then he’ll ship off to what his sergeant calls the Big Sandbox: Iraq.

I’ve also writ­ten an online “reporter’s note­book” to accom­pany the Wired mag­a­zine piece. Model air­plane champs, robotic bor­der guards, and Saddam’s chil­dren all fig­ure in. Give ‘em both a look.

Bomb-​​Spotting Laser Tested

Thursday, May 26th, 2005

laser_dude.gifBack in December, there was a bit of a ray gun party at Yuma Proving Grounds, appar­ently. While the Air Force put its new Scorpion bomb-​​zapping microwave blaster through its paces, the Army Research Lab suc­cess­fully tried out a pro­to­type bomb-​​spotter that relies on lasers to spot explo­sives, accord­ing to Inside Defense.

[The Lab is] call­ing the sys­tem “Standoff LIBS,” using the acronym for laser-​​induced break­down spec­troscopy…
LIBS is a means of detect­ing traces of explo­sives on sur­faces as far away as 30 meters, employ­ing tech­nol­ogy found in min­ing oper­a­tions to deter­mine the grade of ore.
As envi­sioned, here is how the mil­i­tary sys­tem could work: A laser is directed at a vehi­cle or other item that could have a bomb attached. Due to the heat cre­ated by the laser, the sur­face mate­r­ial then vapor­izes. In the process, the material’s mol­e­cules break down into their atoms, which “get excited in the high-​​temperature envi­ron­ment and light up as sharp lights in the spec­trom­e­ter” — the device used to read and ana­lyze the reac­tion, ARL research physi­cist Andrzej Miziolek explained.
The wave length of the lights are then ana­lyzed by a com­puter which matches the infor­ma­tion against a library of known sig­na­tures…
For instance, a laser pointed at the door han­dle of a car could let the sys­tem detect if some­one who has touched explo­sives has sub­se­quently touched that door…
A typ­i­cal appli­ca­tion for the tech­nol­ogy could be at a road check­point, where troops would be able to check cars for traces of explo­sives with­out the dri­vers’ knowl­edge, a [mil­i­tary] offi­cial said.
“You don’t want the adver­sary to know that you are check­ing him,” the source said. “If you find explo­sives, you can go ahead and secure the situation.”

Torture, Broken Down

Thursday, May 26th, 2005

So much of what passes for online jour­nal­ism — this site included — is really just old-​​fashioned news­pa­per or mag­a­zine report­ing, ported from the page to the screen. And the few lame attempts by the main­stream press to break out of those for­mats usu­ally leave read­ers pant­ing for the old stand-​​bys.
050519_PrisonerAbuse_014.jpgSlate’sinter­ac­tive primer on American inter­ro­ga­tion,” how­ever, is dif­fer­ent. By break­ing a large, messy, com­plex issue into digestible online bites, Phil Carter and friends suc­ceed in edu­cat­ing read­ers on the tor­ture debate bet­ter than any TV show or mag­a­zine arti­cle or blog post I’ve seen so far.
Every major player in the American inter­ro­ga­tion scan­dals is pro­filed. All the legal jus­ti­fi­ca­tions for tor­ture are called out. Each of the big tech­niques for get­ting a sus­pect to talk is out­lined. But despite the moth­er­lode of infor­ma­tion, Slate’s fea­ture isn’t in the slight­est bit over­whelm­ing.
If you’ve largely tuned out the tor­ture issue since those awful Abu Ghraib pic­tures sur­faced last year, it’s time to click here.

Congress Slashes Pentagon Space Projects

Thursday, May 26th, 2005

It’s kind of hilar­i­ous, when you think about it. At the same time the New York Times is chas­ing its tail about weapons in orbit, Congress is slash­ing the Pentagon’s eternally-​​mismanaged space pro­grams.
SBR.jpg“Brushing aside the recent claim by a senior U.S. Air Force offi­cer that all is well with the mil­i­tary space acqui­si­tion sys­tem, a con­gres­sional defense over­sight com­mit­tee made good on threats to rein in the service’s top two satel­lite devel­op­ment pro­grams,” reports C4ISR Journal’s Jeremy Singer.
In mark­ing up their ver­sion of the 2006 Defense Authorization Act, mem­bers of the House Armed Services strate­gic forces sub­com­mit­tee sent a strong mes­sage that they beg to beg to dif­fer with the April 5 asser­tion by Gen. Lance Lord, com­man­der of Air Force Space Command, that the space acqui­si­tion sys­tem is not bro­ken and that those who think oth­er­wise should “get over it.“
The panel slashed the Air Force’s fund­ing request for the Space Radar sur­veil­lance satel­lites and the Transformational Satellite Communications System (T-​​Sat), direct­ing the ser­vice to restruc­ture both efforts. The panel rec­om­mended pro­vid­ing $436 mil­lion of the $836 mil­lion request for T-​​Sat and $100 mil­lion of the $226 mil­lion request for the Space Radar.

Hi-​​Tech Cop Moves Up

Thursday, May 26th, 2005

I’m not expect­ing a box of candy or any­thing. Or even a thank you note. It’s just coin­ci­dence, of course, that a month after I pro­filed Ron Huberman the ex-​​cop behind many of Chicago’s high-​​tech crime fight­ing efforts he gets appointed as Mayor Richard Daley’s new chief of staff.
FF_154_crime2_f.jpgHuberman was brought in last Wednesday, “the same day that a cen­tral fig­ure in a City Hall con­tract­ing scam was sen­tenced in fed­eral court,” the Chicago Tribune reports. “Huberman said that ‘first and fore­most’ among Daley’s march­ing orders is to ‘help restore tax­pay­ers’ con­fi­dence in the integrity of city gov­ern­ment.’”
Later Wednesday, Daley intro­duced Huberman to more than three dozen city depart­ment heads at a meet­ing where, to “stunned silence,” the mayor “read them the riot act,” accord­ing to a city offi­cial who was present.
Daley told them that Huberman “is going to look at your depart­ment and your per­for­mance; if you have a prob­lem with that, you are out,’” the offi­cial recounted.

In his pre­vi­ous jobs in the police and emer­gency man­age­ment depart­ments, Huberman also looked for ways to shove the least pro­duc­tive through the door. CLEAR, Chicago’s mas­sive police data­base project, started out as a tool for fight­ing crime. Huberman wanted to turn it into pink-​​slip machine, accord­ing to Northwestern University pro­fes­sor Susan Hartnett, a long­time CPD watcher. By track­ing cops’ arrests and their hours, Huberman hoped to “get rid” of the Chicago police’s “bot­tom third” — the offi­cers for whom “there’s noth­ing you can do,” she observes.
Huberman put it to me more judi­ciously, say­ing, “We want to save offi­cers — ID them when they’re falling off the right course early in their career.“
CLEAR’s per­son­nel suite won’t be done for months, maybe years. The sys­tem may not even get built at all, with­out Huberman actively pro­mot­ing it.
If there’s a knock on Huberman, it’s that when he’s push­ing his projects, he gets too caught up in the hype. “He some­times sort of believes the future is the present,” one col­league says.
Anyway, here’s a bit more about Huberman — parts of last month’s Wired story that didn’t make it into the final draft:

Huberman doesn’t want to be here, peer­ing in on perps from 15,000 feet away, star­ing at the shim­mer­ing video wall and the PC mon­i­tor banks. “Too clin­i­cal,” Huberman says. He’d rather be out in the streets, where he spent four years as a beat cop and a gang spe­cial­ist in Rogers Park. Huberman fell in love with police work, “the plea­sure of lock­ing up the bad guy the jus­tice of it all,” from “day one” at the acad­emy. (The fact that his Israeli-​​immigrant par­ents were mugged when he was six years old wasn’t that much of an inspi­ra­tion, he insists.)
On the beat, he was known as an eager over-​​achiever. When he dis­cov­ered a dou­ble homi­cide, he did more than the front­line cop’s duty to fill out the ini­tial paper­work, and make the cus­tom­ary rounds; Huberman found the lead suspect’s mom, and per­suaded her to con­vince her son to turn him­self in.
Even now, work­ing seven-​​day weeks as the head of the city’s Office of Emergency Management, Huberman still likes to go out on patrol, just for fun, once a month, with his old part­ner, Sgt. Greg Hoffman an 11-​​year vet­eran who keeps a revolver on his hip and a can of chili in his desk drawer…
Ron Huberman has long been a believer in the trans­for­ma­tive power of secu­rity, in “using the police depart­ment not just for law enforce­ment, but to pro­mote social change,” as University of Chicago pro­fes­sor Pastora Cafferty puts it. Back when he was a beat cop, Huberman stud­ied under her, get­ting dual mas­ters degrees in social work and man­age­ment, while rid­ing a squad car at night.
During a stint with a Washington law enforce­ment think tank in the late 90’s, Huberman went home to his native Israel, and helped train West Bank cops. “For there to be peace, Palestinians had to learn to police them­selves,” he says.
For peace to break out on Chicago’s streets, law-​​abiding cit­i­zens had to be given a sense that the cops had their backs even when there wasn’t a Crown Vic on the cor­ner. That meant devel­op­ing a sys­tem, like CLEAR, that could help the police fig­ure out who the real crooks were. That meant putting silent, bul­let­proof sen­tries with flash­ing cobalt lights up on tele­phone poles, to let the bad guys know they weren’t wel­come any more. “This is about restor­ing a sense of order, about tak­ing streets from the gang­bangers,” Huberman says.